What are hashing algorithms and how do they ensure data integrity?

What are hashing algorithms and how do they ensure data integrity?

Hashing algorithms are functions that convert data into a fixed-size string of characters, which is typically a hash code. They ensure data integrity by producing a unique hash for each unique input. If the data changes, even slightly, the hash will change significantly, indicating that the data has been altered.

Can you give me examples of popular hashing algorithms?

Sure! Some popular hashing algorithms include MD5, SHA-1, and SHA-256. Each has different levels of security and performance.

What are the differences between these algorithms?

MD5 produces a 128-bit hash and is fast but not secure against collisions. SHA-1 is more secure but still vulnerable. SHA-256, part of the SHA-2 family, offers better security with a 256-bit hash.

How are these algorithms used in real-world applications?

Hashing algorithms are used in various applications, such as verifying file integrity, storing passwords securely, and ensuring data integrity in blockchain technology.