What are hashing algorithms and their role in cryptography?

What are hashing algorithms and their role in cryptography?

Hashing algorithms are functions that convert input data into a fixed-size string of characters, which is typically a hash code. They play a crucial role in ensuring data integrity and security in cryptography.

Can you give me some examples of popular hashing algorithms?

Sure! Some popular hashing algorithms include MD5, SHA-1, and SHA-256. Each has its own use cases and security levels.

Why is SHA-256 considered more secure than MD5?

SHA-256 is considered more secure than MD5 because it produces a longer hash value, making it more resistant to collision attacks and brute-force attacks.

How are hashing algorithms used in password storage?

Hashing algorithms are used in password storage by hashing the password before storing it in a database. This way, even if the database is compromised, the actual passwords remain secure.