What is hashing and how does it ensure data integrity?

What is hashing and how does it ensure data integrity?

Hashing is a process that transforms input data into a fixed-size string of characters, which is typically a hash code. It ensures data integrity by producing a unique hash for each unique input; if the input changes, the hash will change, indicating potential data tampering.

Can you give me an example of a hashing algorithm?

Sure! A common hashing algorithm is SHA-256, which produces a 256-bit hash value. It's widely used in security applications and protocols, including SSL and blockchain.

How is hashing used in cybersecurity?

Hashing is used in cybersecurity for various purposes, such as storing passwords securely, verifying data integrity, and ensuring the authenticity of messages.

What happens if two different inputs produce the same hash?

This phenomenon is known as a hash collision. While it's theoretically possible, good hashing algorithms are designed to minimize collisions, making them extremely rare.

Are there any limitations to hashing?

Yes, some limitations include vulnerability to brute-force attacks, the possibility of hash collisions, and the fact that hashing is a one-way function, meaning you can't retrieve the original data from the hash.