Can you explain how a HashSet is implemented?

Can you explain how a HashSet is implemented?

Sure! A HashSet is typically implemented using a hash table. It stores elements in an array where each element's position is determined by a hash function.

What is a hash function and how does it work?

A hash function takes an input (or 'key') and produces a fixed-size string of bytes. The output is used to determine the index in the array where the element will be stored.

What happens if two elements hash to the same index?

That's called a collision. To handle collisions, HashSets often use techniques like chaining (linking elements at the same index) or open addressing (finding another open slot).

Are there any performance considerations I should be aware of?

Yes, the performance of a HashSet can degrade if the load factor is too high, leading to more collisions. It's important to choose an appropriate initial capacity and load factor.