What is a heap data structure?
A heap is a specialized tree-based data structure that satisfies the heap property, where the parent node is either greater than or equal to (max-heap) or less than or equal to (min-heap) its children.
What are the main types of heaps?
The main types of heaps are binary heaps, Fibonacci heaps, and binomial heaps. Each has different properties and use cases.
Can you explain how a binary heap works?
Sure! A binary heap is a complete binary tree that maintains the heap property. In a max-heap, for example, every parent node is greater than its children, which allows for efficient retrieval of the maximum element.
What are some common applications of heaps?
Heaps are commonly used in priority queues, heap sort algorithms, and for implementing efficient graph algorithms like Dijkstra's.
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