What are some examples of hoisting in JavaScript?

What are some examples of hoisting in JavaScript?

Hoisting in JavaScript is a behavior where variable and function declarations are moved to the top of their containing scope. For example, if you declare a variable using var, it can be used before its declaration.

Can you show me a code example?

Sure! Here's an example:

console.log(myVar); // undefined
var myVar = 5;
console.log(myVar); // 5

In this case, myVar is hoisted, so the first console.log outputs undefined.

What about function hoisting?

Function declarations are also hoisted. For example:

myFunction(); // 'Hello!'
function myFunction() {
    console.log('Hello!');
}

Here, myFunction can be called before its declaration.

Are there any differences with let and const?

Yes, let and const are not hoisted in the same way. They are hoisted but remain in a "temporal dead zone" until their declaration is encountered, leading to a ReferenceError if accessed before.