How do electrons fill orbitals?
An example of an AI chatbot conversation about how electrons occupy atomic orbitals.
Can you explain how electrons fill orbitals in an atom?
Sure! Electrons fill orbitals based on the principles of quantum mechanics, following the Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule.
What is the Aufbau principle?
The Aufbau principle states that electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first before moving to higher energy levels.
And what about Hund's rule?
Hund's rule states that electrons will fill degenerate orbitals singly before pairing up, to minimize repulsion.
Can you give an example of how this works in a specific element?
Of course! For example, in oxygen, the electron configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁴, where the 2p orbitals are filled according to these principles.
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