How does BFS compare to DFS?

Can you explain how BFS and DFS differ in graph traversal?

Sure! BFS (Breadth-First Search) explores all neighbors at the present depth prior to moving on to nodes at the next depth level, while DFS (Depth-First Search) explores as far as possible along a branch before backtracking.

What are the advantages of using BFS over DFS?

BFS is great for finding the shortest path in unweighted graphs, while DFS can be more memory efficient and is better for exploring all possible paths.

Are there any scenarios where DFS is preferred?

Yes, DFS is often preferred in scenarios where you need to explore all possible solutions, like in puzzles or games, or when the graph is very deep.

How do the time and space complexities compare?

BFS has a time complexity of O(V + E) and a space complexity of O(V), while DFS also has a time complexity of O(V + E) but can have a space complexity of O(h), where h is the maximum depth of the tree.