How does hoisting affect scope in JavaScript?

Can you explain how hoisting works in JavaScript?

Sure! Hoisting is a JavaScript mechanism where variables and function declarations are moved to the top of their containing scope during the compile phase.

So, does that mean I can use variables before declaring them?

Yes, you can use variables before their declaration, but they will be undefined until the line where they are defined is executed.

What about function declarations? Are they hoisted too?

Absolutely! Function declarations are fully hoisted, meaning you can call them before they appear in the code.

What happens with let and const variables?

Variables declared with let and const are also hoisted, but they are not initialized, leading to a 'Temporal Dead Zone' until their declaration.