How does hoisting relate to scope in JavaScript?

Can you explain how hoisting works in JavaScript?

Sure! Hoisting is a JavaScript mechanism where variables and function declarations are moved to the top of their containing scope during the compile phase.

How does this hoisting affect variable scope?

Hoisting affects scope by allowing variables to be used before they are declared. However, only the declarations are hoisted, not the initializations.

Can you give me an example of hoisting with a function?

Absolutely! If you declare a function like this: function greet() { console.log('Hello!'); }, you can call greet() before its declaration, and it will work due to hoisting.

What about variables declared with 'let' or 'const'?

Variables declared with 'let' and 'const' are also hoisted, but they are not initialized, leading to a 'ReferenceError' if accessed before declaration.