How does insertion work in red-black trees?

Can you explain how insertion works in red-black trees?

Sure! Insertion in red-black trees involves adding a new node and then ensuring the tree maintains its properties.

What are the properties of red-black trees that need to be maintained?

The properties include: every node is either red or black, the root is black, red nodes can't have red children, and every path from a node to its descendant leaves has the same number of black nodes.

What happens if these properties are violated during insertion?

If properties are violated, we perform rotations and recoloring to restore the red-black properties.

Can you give an example of a rotation?

Certainly! A left rotation is performed when a right child is red and needs to be moved up to maintain balance.