How does ocean acidification affect coral reefs?

What is ocean acidification and how does it happen?

Ocean acidification refers to the decrease in pH levels of the ocean due to increased carbon dioxide absorption. This process occurs when CO2 from the atmosphere dissolves in seawater, forming carbonic acid.

How does this affect coral reefs specifically?

Coral reefs are particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification because it reduces the availability of carbonate ions, which are essential for corals to build their calcium carbonate skeletons. This can lead to weaker reefs and hinder their growth.

Are there any other marine species affected by this?

Yes, many marine species are affected, including shellfish, which struggle to form their shells, and various fish species that rely on healthy reefs for habitat and food.

What can be done to mitigate ocean acidification?

Mitigation efforts include reducing carbon emissions, protecting coastal ecosystems, and promoting sustainable fishing practices to enhance the resilience of marine environments.