How do I implement abstraction in Java?

How do I implement abstraction in Java?

In Java, abstraction can be implemented using abstract classes and interfaces. Would you like to see examples?

Yes, please provide an example of an abstract class.

Sure! Here's a simple example:

abstract class Animal {
    abstract void sound();
}

class Dog extends Animal {
    void sound() {
        System.out.println("Bark");
    }
}

This defines an abstract class Animal with an abstract method sound.

What about interfaces? How do they work?

Interfaces in Java are similar to abstract classes but can only contain method signatures and final variables. Here's an example:

interface Animal {
    void sound();
}

class Cat implements Animal {
    public void sound() {
        System.out.println("Meow");
    }
}

In this case, Cat implements the Animal interface.

Thanks! How do I decide between using an abstract class or an interface?

Great question! Use an abstract class when you want to share code among closely related classes. Use an interface when you want to define a contract for classes that may not be related.