How do I implement decorator patterns in Python?

How do I implement decorator patterns in Python?

The decorator pattern allows behavior to be added to individual objects, either statically or dynamically, without affecting other objects. Would you like a code example?

Yes, please provide a code example.

Sure! Here's a simple example:

class Coffee:
    def cost(self):
        return 5

class MilkDecorator:
    def __init__(self, coffee):
        self._coffee = coffee

    def cost(self):
        return self._coffee.cost() + 1

coffee = Coffee()
print(coffee.cost())  # Output: 5

milk_coffee = MilkDecorator(coffee)
print(milk_coffee.cost())  # Output: 6

What are some other use cases for decorators?

Decorators can be used for logging, enforcing access control, instrumentation, and modifying input/output of functions.