How do I implement polymorphism in C++?

How do I implement polymorphism in C++?

Polymorphism in C++ allows methods to do different things based on the object it is acting upon. You can implement it using virtual functions.

Can you give me an example of polymorphism in C++?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

class Animal {
public:
    virtual void sound() { std::cout << "Animal sound"; }
};

class Dog : public Animal {
public:
    void sound() override { std::cout << "Bark"; }
};

class Cat : public Animal {
public:
    void sound() override { std::cout << "Meow"; }
};

void makeSound(Animal* a) {
    a->sound();
}

int main() {
    Dog dog;
    Cat cat;
    makeSound(&dog); // Outputs: Bark
    makeSound(&cat); // Outputs: Meow
}

This demonstrates how different classes can implement the same method.

What is the difference between compile-time and run-time polymorphism?

Compile-time polymorphism is achieved through function overloading and operator overloading, while run-time polymorphism is achieved through inheritance and virtual functions.

Are there any drawbacks to using polymorphism?

Yes, polymorphism can introduce some overhead due to dynamic binding, and it may make the code harder to understand if overused.