How do I implement a token bucket algorithm?

Can you explain what a token bucket algorithm is?

Sure! A token bucket algorithm is a rate-limiting mechanism that controls how data packets are sent over a network.

How do I implement it in Python?

You can implement it by creating a class that manages tokens, allowing you to add tokens at a fixed rate and consume them when sending data.

What are the key components I need to consider?

You need to consider the bucket size, the token generation rate, and how to handle situations when the bucket is empty.

Can you provide a code example?

Absolutely! Here's a simple implementation in Python:

import time

class TokenBucket:
    def __init__(self, capacity, fill_rate):
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.fill_rate = fill_rate
        self.tokens = capacity
        self.last_fill = time.time()

    def add_tokens(self):
        now = time.time()
        elapsed = now - self.last_fill
        self.tokens = min(self.capacity, self.tokens + elapsed * self.fill_rate)
        self.last_fill = now

    def consume(self, tokens):
        self.add_tokens()
        if self.tokens >= tokens:
            self.tokens -= tokens
            return True
        return False