How do I use goroutines in Go?

How do I use goroutines in Go?

Goroutines are lightweight threads managed by the Go runtime. You can start a goroutine by using the go keyword followed by a function call.

Can you give me an example of a goroutine?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func sayHello() {
    fmt.Println("Hello from goroutine!")
}

func main() {
    go sayHello() // Start the goroutine
    time.Sleep(1 * time.Second) // Wait for the goroutine to finish
}

What happens if I don't use time.Sleep?

If you don't use time.Sleep, the main function may exit before the goroutine has a chance to run, and you might not see the output.

How can I wait for multiple goroutines to finish?

You can use a sync.WaitGroup to wait for multiple goroutines to finish. Here's an example:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "sync"
)

func sayHello(wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
    defer wg.Done() // Notify that this goroutine is done
    fmt.Println("Hello from goroutine!")
}

func main() {
    var wg sync.WaitGroup
    for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
        wg.Add(1) // Add a goroutine to the wait group
        go sayHello(&wg)
    }
    wg.Wait() // Wait for all goroutines to finish
}