How do I use nonlocal variables in Python?

How do I use nonlocal variables in Python?

Nonlocal variables in Python allow you to assign values to variables in an outer (but non-global) scope. You can use the nonlocal keyword to declare a variable as nonlocal.

Can you give me an example of how to use nonlocal variables?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

def outer_function():
    x = 10
    
    def inner_function():
        nonlocal x
        x += 5
        return x
    
    return inner_function()

print(outer_function())  # Output will be 15

What happens if I don't use the nonlocal keyword?

If you don't use the nonlocal keyword, Python will treat the variable as a local variable within the inner function, and you'll get an error if you try to modify it.

Are there any limitations to using nonlocal variables?

Yes, nonlocal variables can only be used in nested functions. They cannot be used to access variables in the global scope.