How do I use std::unique_lock in C++?

Can you explain how to use std::unique_lock in C++?

Sure! std::unique_lock is a smart lock that manages mutexes in C++. It provides a way to lock and unlock mutexes automatically.

What are the advantages of using std::unique_lock over std::lock_guard?

The main advantage is that std::unique_lock can be locked and unlocked multiple times, while std::lock_guard cannot. This gives you more flexibility.

Can you show me a simple example of its usage?

Of course! Here's a basic example:

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>

std::mutex mtx;

void print(int id) {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
    std::cout << "Thread " << id << " is running." << std::endl;
}

int main() {
    std::thread t1(print, 1);
    std::thread t2(print, 2);
    t1.join();
    t2.join();
    return 0;
}

What happens if I forget to unlock the mutex?

If you forget to unlock the mutex, it will remain locked, potentially causing deadlocks. However, std::unique_lock automatically unlocks when it goes out of scope.