How do I implement the Least Frequently Used (LFU) caching algorithm?
To implement LFU, you need to maintain a frequency count for each item in the cache. When an item is accessed, increment its count.
What data structure should I use to keep track of the frequency counts?
A combination of a hash map and a min-heap is often used. The hash map stores the items and their frequencies, while the min-heap helps efficiently find the least frequently used item.
How do I handle ties when two items have the same frequency?
In case of a tie, you can use a secondary criterion, such as the time of last access, to decide which item to evict.
Can you provide a code example for LFU implementation?
Sure! Here's a simple Python example using a dictionary for the cache and a min-heap for frequency management.
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