What is the difference between input validation and output encoding?

What is the difference between input validation and output encoding?

Input validation ensures that the data entered by users is correct and safe, while output encoding transforms data to prevent security issues.

Can you give me examples of each?

Sure! Input validation can be checking if an email address is in the correct format. Output encoding might involve converting special characters in user input to HTML entities.

Why is both important for web security?

Both are crucial because input validation prevents malicious data from being processed, and output encoding protects against XSS attacks by ensuring data is displayed safely.

What are some common mistakes in these practices?

Common mistakes include not validating all user inputs, relying solely on client-side validation, and forgetting to encode output in dynamic web pages.