What are interfaces and abstract classes in programming?

What are interfaces and abstract classes in programming?

Interfaces are contracts that define methods without implementing them, while abstract classes can have both defined methods and abstract methods.

Can you give me an example of when to use an interface over an abstract class?

Use an interface when you want to define a contract for multiple classes without enforcing a specific inheritance structure. For example, if you have different classes like 'Car' and 'Boat' that both need to implement a 'move' method, an interface is ideal.

What are the advantages of using abstract classes?

Abstract classes allow you to provide some default behavior while still enforcing certain methods to be implemented by subclasses, promoting code reuse.

Are there any limitations to using interfaces?

Yes, interfaces cannot hold state or provide any implementation, which can limit their use in certain scenarios where shared behavior is needed.

How do I decide between using an interface or an abstract class?

Consider using an interface when you need multiple inheritance or a contract for unrelated classes, and an abstract class when you want to share code among closely related classes.