What are Java Generics and how do they relate to inheritance?

What are Java Generics and how do they relate to inheritance?

Java Generics allow you to define classes, interfaces, and methods with a placeholder for types. They enhance code reusability and type safety. Inheritance in Java allows a class to inherit fields and methods from another class. Generics can be used with inheritance to create more flexible and reusable code.

Can you give me an example of using Generics with inheritance?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

class Animal {}
class Dog extends Animal {}

class GenericBox<T extends Animal> {
    private T animal;
    public void setAnimal(T animal) { this.animal = animal; }
    public T getAnimal() { return animal; }
}

GenericBox<Dog> dogBox = new GenericBox<>();
dogBox.setAnimal(new Dog());

In this example, GenericBox can only accept types that extend Animal.

What are the benefits of using Generics in Java?

The benefits of using Generics include type safety, code reusability, and eliminating the need for casting. They help catch type-related errors at compile time rather than at runtime.

Are there any downsides to using Generics?

Yes, some downsides include increased complexity in code and potential performance overhead due to type erasure. Additionally, Generics cannot be used with primitive types directly.