What is JavaScript hoisting?

Can you explain what hoisting is in JavaScript?

Sure! Hoisting is a JavaScript mechanism where variables and function declarations are moved to the top of their containing scope during compilation.

Does hoisting apply to let and const variables too?

No, let and const declarations are hoisted but not initialized. Accessing them before declaration results in a ReferenceError.

Can you give me an example of hoisting?

Of course! For example:

console.log(x); // undefined
var x = 5;
console.log(x); // 5

In this case, the declaration of x is hoisted, but the assignment happens at runtime.

What about function hoisting?

Function declarations are fully hoisted, meaning you can call them before they appear in the code. For example:

myFunction(); // 'Hello'
function myFunction() {
  console.log('Hello');
}