What is lexical scope in Perl?

What is lexical scope in Perl?

Lexical scope in Perl refers to the visibility of variables within a block of code. Variables declared within a block are only accessible within that block.

Can you give me an example of lexical scope in Perl?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

sub example {
    my $x = 10;  # $x is lexically scoped to this block
    if (1) {
        my $y = 20;  # $y is scoped to this if block
        print $x + $y;  # This will print 30
    }
    print $y;  # This will cause an error because $y is not accessible here
}

What happens if I try to access a variable outside its scope?

If you try to access a variable outside its lexical scope, Perl will throw an error indicating that the variable is not defined.

Are there any exceptions to lexical scoping in Perl?

In Perl, lexical scoping is quite strict, but you can use global variables or package variables if you need to access variables outside their lexical scope.