What are macros in C++ and how do they work?

What are macros in C++ and how do they work?

Macros in C++ are preprocessor directives that define code snippets to be replaced before compilation. They are defined using the #define directive.

Can you give me an example of a macro?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

#define SQUARE(x) ((x) * (x))

This macro calculates the square of a number.

Are there any downsides to using macros?

Yes, macros can lead to code that is harder to debug and maintain. They don't respect scope and can cause unexpected behavior if not used carefully.

What is the difference between macros and inline functions?

Macros are replaced by the preprocessor before compilation, while inline functions are actual functions that the compiler can optimize. Inline functions also respect scope and type checking.