What are some examples of using match statements in Python?

Can you show me some examples of using match statements in Python?

Sure! The match statement in Python is used for pattern matching. Here's a simple example:

value = 10
match value:
    case 1:
        print('One')
    case 10:
        print('Ten')
    case _:
        print('Something else')

This will print 'Ten' because the value matches the case.

What if I want to match multiple values?

You can match multiple values by using a tuple. For example:

value = 'apple'
match value:
    case ('apple', 'banana'):
        print('Fruit is apple or banana')
    case 'orange':
        print('Fruit is orange')
    case _:
        print('Unknown fruit')

This will print 'Fruit is apple or banana'.

Can I use conditions in match cases?

Yes, you can use guards to add conditions. Here's an example:

value = 15
match value:
    case n if n < 10:
        print('Less than 10')
    case n if n < 20:
        print('Less than 20')
    case _:
        print('20 or more')

This will print 'Less than 20'.

Are there any limitations to using match statements?

Yes, match statements are only available in Python 3.10 and later. They also require the patterns to be hashable.