What are method decorators and how does memoization work in Python?

What are method decorators in Python?

Method decorators are functions that modify the behavior of another function or method. They are often used to add functionality, such as logging or access control.

Can you explain how memoization works?

Memoization is an optimization technique that stores the results of expensive function calls and returns the cached result when the same inputs occur again.

How can I implement memoization using a decorator?

You can create a decorator that uses a dictionary to store results of function calls. Here's a simple example:

def memoize(func):
    cache = {}
    def wrapper(*args):
        if args in cache:
            return cache[args]
        result = func(*args)
        cache[args] = result
        return result
    return wrapper