What is nuclear fusion and why is it important?

What is nuclear fusion and why is it important?

Nuclear fusion is the process where two light atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy. It's important because it has the potential to provide a nearly limitless source of clean energy.

How does nuclear fusion differ from nuclear fission?

Nuclear fusion combines light nuclei, while nuclear fission splits heavy nuclei. Fusion produces more energy and less radioactive waste than fission.

What are the current challenges in achieving nuclear fusion?

The main challenges include achieving the necessary high temperatures and pressures, maintaining stable plasma, and developing materials that can withstand extreme conditions.

Are there any successful experiments in nuclear fusion?

Yes, there have been successful experiments, such as those conducted at ITER and the National Ignition Facility, which have made significant progress toward achieving sustained fusion reactions.

What are the potential benefits of nuclear fusion for the environment?

Nuclear fusion produces minimal greenhouse gas emissions, generates less long-lived radioactive waste, and has a lower risk of accidents compared to fission, making it a cleaner energy source.