What is an example of NumPy broadcasting?

Can you explain what NumPy broadcasting is with an example?

Sure! NumPy broadcasting allows you to perform arithmetic operations on arrays of different shapes. For example, if you have a 1D array and a 2D array, NumPy will automatically expand the 1D array to match the shape of the 2D array.

Can you show me a code example of this?

Absolutely! Here's a simple example:

import numpy as np

# 1D array
array_1d = np.array([1, 2, 3])

# 2D array
array_2d = np.array([[10, 20, 30],
                      [40, 50, 60]])

# Broadcasting the 1D array to add to the 2D array
result = array_2d + array_1d
print(result)

This will output:

[[11 22 33]
 [43 52 63]]

What happens if the shapes are not compatible?

If the shapes are not compatible for broadcasting, NumPy will raise a ValueError. For example, trying to add a 1D array of shape (3,) to a 2D array of shape (2, 4) will result in an error.