What are NumPy ufuncs and how do they work?

What are NumPy ufuncs and how do they work?

NumPy ufuncs, or universal functions, are functions that operate on ndarrays in an element-wise fashion. They are highly efficient and can perform operations like addition, multiplication, and more across entire arrays.

Can you give me an example of a ufunc in action?

Sure! For example, if you have two arrays, a = np.array([1, 2, 3]) and b = np.array([4, 5, 6]), using the ufunc np.add(a, b) will return array([5, 7, 9]).

What are the benefits of using ufuncs over regular Python functions?

Ufuncs are optimized for performance and can handle large datasets more efficiently than regular Python functions. They also support broadcasting, which allows for operations on arrays of different shapes.

Are there any limitations to using ufuncs?

Yes, ufuncs may not support all data types and can be less flexible than regular functions. Additionally, they may require the input arrays to be of compatible shapes.