What are NumPy ufuncs and how do I use them?

What are NumPy ufuncs and how do I use them?

NumPy ufuncs, or universal functions, are functions that operate on ndarrays in an element-wise fashion. They are highly efficient and can perform operations like addition, multiplication, and more across entire arrays.

Can you give me an example of a ufunc in action?

Sure! For example, if you have two arrays, a = np.array([1, 2, 3]) and b = np.array([4, 5, 6]), you can use the ufunc np.add(a, b) to get the result [5, 7, 9].

What are some common ufuncs I should know about?

Some common ufuncs include np.add, np.subtract, np.multiply, np.divide, and np.sqrt. Each of these performs element-wise operations.

How do ufuncs handle broadcasting?

Ufuncs support broadcasting, which allows them to work with arrays of different shapes. For example, if you have a 1D array and a 2D array, NumPy will automatically expand the dimensions to perform the operation.