What is optimal substructure in algorithms?
Optimal substructure is a property of a problem that can be broken down into smaller, simpler subproblems, which can be solved independently.
Can you give me an example of a problem that has optimal substructure?
Sure! The shortest path problem in graphs is a classic example. You can find the shortest path from one node to another by finding the shortest paths to intermediate nodes.
How does this relate to dynamic programming?
In dynamic programming, we solve complex problems by breaking them down into simpler subproblems, leveraging the optimal substructure property to build up solutions.
Are there any algorithms that utilize this concept?
Yes, algorithms like Dijkstra's for shortest paths and the Knapsack problem use optimal substructure to efficiently find solutions.
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