How do sets and arrays compare in terms of performance?
Sets and arrays are both data structures, but they have different performance characteristics. Sets are optimized for membership tests, while arrays are better for indexed access.
Can you explain why sets are faster for membership tests?
Sets use hash tables for storage, allowing for average O(1) time complexity for membership tests, while arrays require O(n) time.
What about insertion and deletion performance?
Inserting or deleting elements in a set is generally O(1) on average, while in an array, it can be O(n) due to the need to shift elements.
Are there any scenarios where arrays are preferred over sets?
Yes, if you need to maintain order or access elements by index, arrays are preferred. They also use less memory for small datasets.
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