What are the performance differences between various data collections in programming?

What are the performance differences between arrays and linked lists?

Arrays provide faster access times due to contiguous memory allocation, while linked lists offer better insertion and deletion performance.

How do hash tables compare to trees in terms of performance?

Hash tables generally offer O(1) average time complexity for lookups, while trees provide O(log n) for balanced trees, making them better for ordered data.

What about the performance of sets versus lists?

Sets have O(1) average time complexity for lookups and ensure uniqueness, while lists have O(n) for lookups and allow duplicates.

Can you explain the performance of queues and stacks?

Both queues and stacks have O(1) time complexity for insertions and deletions, but they serve different purposes: queues are FIFO, while stacks are LIFO.