What is the difference between a priority queue and a stack?

What is the difference between a priority queue and a stack?

A stack is a Last In First Out (LIFO) structure, while a priority queue processes elements based on priority.

Can you give me an example of how each one works?

Sure! In a stack, if you push 1, 2, and 3, popping will give you 3, then 2, then 1. In a priority queue, if you add tasks with different priorities, the highest priority task is served first.

When would I use a priority queue instead of a stack?

Use a priority queue when you need to process tasks based on importance, like scheduling jobs, while a stack is great for backtracking algorithms.

Are there any real-world applications for these data structures?

Yes! Stacks are used in function calls and undo mechanisms, while priority queues are used in task scheduling and Dijkstra's algorithm.