What are the different programming language paradigms?

What are the different programming language paradigms?

Programming language paradigms are styles of programming that dictate how code is structured and executed. The main paradigms include procedural, object-oriented, functional, and declarative programming.

Can you explain procedural programming?

Procedural programming is a paradigm based on the concept of procedure calls, where programs are structured as a sequence of instructions or statements. It emphasizes a linear flow of control and uses functions to encapsulate code.

What about object-oriented programming?

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a paradigm that uses 'objects' to represent data and methods. It promotes concepts like inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism, allowing for more modular and reusable code.

How does functional programming differ from these?

Functional programming focuses on the evaluation of functions and avoids changing state or mutable data. It treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and emphasizes the use of higher-order functions.

Can you give examples of languages for each paradigm?

Sure! For procedural programming, you have C; for object-oriented, Java and Python; for functional, Haskell and Scala; and for declarative, SQL and HTML.