What are the new features in Python 3.10's pattern matching?

What are the new features in Python 3.10's pattern matching?

Python 3.10 introduced structural pattern matching, allowing for more expressive and readable code. You can use the match statement to match patterns in data structures.

Can you give me an example of how to use the match statement?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

def match_shape(shape):
    match shape:
        case {'type': 'circle', 'radius': r}:
            return f'Circle with radius {r}'
        case {'type': 'square', 'side': s}:
            return f'Square with side {s}'
        case _:
            return 'Unknown shape'

This matches different shapes based on their type.

What are the benefits of using pattern matching over traditional if-else statements?

Pattern matching improves code readability and maintainability. It allows you to handle multiple cases more elegantly and reduces the need for deeply nested if-else statements.

Are there any limitations to pattern matching in Python 3.10?

Yes, while powerful, pattern matching has some limitations. For instance, it doesn't support matching against all types of objects, and complex patterns can become hard to read.