How can I use pattern matching in Python 3.10 functions?

How can I use pattern matching in Python 3.10 functions?

In Python 3.10, you can use the match statement for pattern matching. It allows you to match values against patterns and execute code based on the match.

Can you give me an example of pattern matching in a function?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

def describe_shape(shape):
    match shape:
        case {'type': 'circle', 'radius': r}:
            return f'Circle with radius {r}'
        case {'type': 'square', 'side': s}:
            return f'Square with side {s}'
        case _:
            return 'Unknown shape'

This function matches a dictionary representing a shape.

What are the benefits of using pattern matching over if-elif statements?

Pattern matching is often more readable and concise than multiple if-elif statements. It also allows for more complex data structures to be matched easily.

Are there any limitations to pattern matching in Python 3.10?

Yes, while pattern matching is powerful, it may not cover all use cases, especially with deeply nested structures or when performance is critical.