What are the advanced features of namedtuples in Python?

What are the advanced features of namedtuples in Python?

Namedtuples in Python offer features like immutability, default values, and the ability to extend functionality with methods.

Can you give me an example of how to create a namedtuple with default values?

Sure! You can create a namedtuple with default values using the _replace method or by subclassing it. Here's an example:

from collections import namedtuple

Person = namedtuple('Person', 'name age city')

# Creating a namedtuple instance
john = Person(name='John', age=30, city='New York')

# Using _replace to set a default value
john_with_default = john._replace(city='Los Angeles')
print(john_with_default)

What about adding methods to a namedtuple?

You can subclass a namedtuple to add methods. Here's an example:

from collections import namedtuple

class Person(namedtuple('PersonBase', 'name age')):
    def greet(self):
        return f'Hello, my name is {self.name}.'

john = Person('John', 30)
print(john.greet())  # Output: Hello, my name is John.

Are there any performance considerations when using namedtuples?

Namedtuples are generally lightweight and efficient, but if you need mutable objects or complex behaviors, consider using regular classes.