What are the benefits of using the decorator pattern in Python?

What are the benefits of using the decorator pattern in Python?

The decorator pattern allows you to add behavior to individual objects without affecting the behavior of other objects from the same class. It promotes code reusability and adheres to the Single Responsibility Principle.

Can you give me an example of how to implement a decorator in Python?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

def my_decorator(func):
    def wrapper():
        print("Something is happening before the function is called.")
        func()
        print("Something is happening after the function is called.")
    return wrapper

@my_decorator
def say_hello():
    print("Hello!")

say_hello()

What are some real-world applications of the decorator pattern?

Real-world applications include logging, access control, caching, and monitoring. For instance, you can use decorators to log function calls or to enforce user permissions.

Are there any downsides to using decorators?

Yes, while decorators are powerful, they can make code harder to read and debug if overused. It's important to use them judiciously.