What are some examples of design patterns in Python?

What are some examples of design patterns in Python?

Design patterns are typical solutions to common problems in software design. In Python, some popular examples include Singleton, Factory, and Observer patterns.

Can you explain the Singleton pattern?

Sure! The Singleton pattern ensures that a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it. In Python, you can implement it using a class variable to store the instance.

What about the Factory pattern?

The Factory pattern defines an interface for creating an object but allows subclasses to alter the type of objects that will be created. This is useful for managing and maintaining code.

Can you give me a code example of the Observer pattern?

Certainly! The Observer pattern allows an object to notify other objects about changes in its state. Here's a simple example:

class Subject:
    def __init__(self):
        self._observers = []

    def attach(self, observer):
        self._observers.append(observer)

    def notify(self):
        for observer in self._observers:
            observer.update()

class Observer:
    def update(self):
        print('Observer notified!')

subject = Subject()
observer = Observer()
subject.attach(observer)
subject.notify()