What are some basic examples of Python docstrings?

What are some basic examples of Python docstrings?

Python docstrings are used to describe modules, classes, and functions. Here are a few basic examples:

1. Function Docstring:

   def add(a, b):
       """Returns the sum of a and b."""
       return a + b
   

2. Class Docstring:

   class Dog:
       """A class representing a dog."""
       def bark(self):
           return "Woof!"
   

3. Module Docstring:

   """This module provides basic arithmetic operations."""
   

These docstrings help in understanding the purpose and usage of the code.

Can you explain the importance of using docstrings?

Docstrings are important because they provide a convenient way of associating documentation with Python modules, functions, classes, and methods. They help other developers understand the purpose and usage of the code, making it easier to maintain and use. Additionally, tools like Sphinx can automatically generate documentation from docstrings.

How do I access a function's docstring in Python?

You can access a function's docstring using the __doc__ attribute. For example:

print(add.__doc__)

This will output: "Returns the sum of a and b."

Are there any conventions for writing docstrings?

Yes, there are several conventions for writing docstrings, such as:

• Start with a short summary of the function's purpose.
• Include parameters and return types if applicable.
• Use triple quotes and maintain consistent formatting.
• Follow PEP 257 guidelines for style.