What are some tips for using encapsulation in Python?

What are some tips for using encapsulation in Python?

Encapsulation in Python is about restricting access to certain components. Here are some tips:

1. Use private variables by prefixing them with an underscore.
2. Create getter and setter methods to control access.
3. Use properties for a more Pythonic approach.

Can you explain why encapsulation is important?

Encapsulation is important because it helps protect the internal state of an object, reduces complexity, and increases code maintainability. It allows you to change the internal implementation without affecting external code.

What are getter and setter methods?

Getter and setter methods are functions that allow you to access and modify private attributes of a class. Getters retrieve the value, while setters update it, providing a controlled way to interact with the object's data.

Can you give an example of encapsulation in a Python class?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

class BankAccount:
    def __init__(self, balance):
        self._balance = balance  # private variable

    def get_balance(self):
        return self._balance

    def deposit(self, amount):
        if amount > 0:
            self._balance += amount

    def withdraw(self, amount):
        if 0 < amount <= self._balance:
            self._balance -= amount