What is the scope of functions in Python?

What is the scope of functions in Python?

In Python, the scope of a function refers to the region of the program where the function's variables are accessible. There are two main types of scope: local and global.

Can you explain local and global scope with examples?

Sure! Local scope refers to variables defined within a function, which are not accessible outside of it. For example:

def my_function():
    local_var = 10
    print(local_var)
my_function()  # This will print 10
print(local_var)  # This will raise an error

Global scope refers to variables defined outside of any function, which can be accessed anywhere in the code. For example:

global_var = 20

def another_function():
    print(global_var)

another_function()  # This will print 20

What happens if I try to modify a global variable inside a function?

If you want to modify a global variable inside a function, you need to declare it as global using the global keyword. For example:

global_var = 20

def modify_global():
    global global_var
    global_var = 30

modify_global()
print(global_var)  # This will print 30

Are there any best practices for using function scope?

Yes, it's best to minimize the use of global variables to avoid unexpected behavior. Use function parameters and return values to pass data instead.