What is encapsulation in Python OOP?

What is encapsulation in Python OOP?

Encapsulation is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming that restricts access to certain components of an object. In Python, it is typically implemented using private and public attributes.

Can you give me an example of encapsulation in Python?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

class BankAccount:
    def __init__(self, balance):
        self.__balance = balance  # private attribute

    def deposit(self, amount):
        self.__balance += amount

    def get_balance(self):
        return self.__balance

In this example, __balance is a private attribute, and it can only be accessed through the deposit and get_balance methods.

Why is encapsulation important?

Encapsulation is important because it helps to protect the internal state of an object from unintended interference and misuse. It also promotes modularity and maintainability in code.

How does encapsulation differ from inheritance?

Encapsulation focuses on restricting access to an object's data, while inheritance allows a class to inherit attributes and methods from another class. They serve different purposes in OOP.