What are the differences between Python virtual environments and Docker?

What are the differences between Python virtual environments and Docker?

Python virtual environments are used to create isolated environments for Python projects, while Docker containers can encapsulate entire applications, including their dependencies.

Can you explain how each one manages dependencies?

Sure! Virtual environments manage dependencies at the Python package level, allowing different projects to have different package versions. Docker, on the other hand, packages the entire application along with its environment, ensuring consistency across different systems.

Which one should I use for a web application?

It depends on your needs. If you want a lightweight solution for Python dependencies, use virtual environments. For a more comprehensive solution that includes the entire application stack, Docker is the better choice.

Are there any performance differences between the two?

Yes, Docker can introduce some overhead due to containerization, but it also provides better isolation and scalability. Virtual environments are generally lighter but are limited to Python applications.