What is quantum cryptography and how does it work?

What is quantum cryptography and how does it work?

Quantum cryptography is a method of secure communication that uses the principles of quantum mechanics. It allows two parties to exchange information securely, ensuring that any attempt at eavesdropping can be detected.

What makes it more secure than classical cryptography?

Quantum cryptography leverages the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics. If an eavesdropper tries to intercept the quantum keys, the act of measuring them alters their state, alerting the communicating parties.

Can you explain the concept of quantum key distribution?

Sure! Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a technique used in quantum cryptography to securely share encryption keys. It typically involves sending quantum bits (qubits) over a channel, where the security is guaranteed by the laws of quantum physics.

Are there any real-world applications of quantum cryptography?

Yes, quantum cryptography is being explored for secure communications in various fields, including banking, government, and military applications, where data security is critical.