What is the difference between Rails middleware and controllers?

What is the difference between Rails middleware and controllers?

Rails middleware is a layer that sits between the web server and your application, handling requests and responses. Controllers, on the other hand, are part of your application that respond to user actions and manage the flow of data.

Can you give me an example of how middleware works?

Sure! Middleware can be used for tasks like logging requests, handling sessions, or managing authentication before the request reaches the controller.

How do I decide when to use middleware instead of a controller?

Use middleware for cross-cutting concerns that apply to many requests, like authentication or logging, while controllers should handle specific user actions.

Are there any performance implications of using too much middleware?

Yes, excessive middleware can slow down request processing since each layer adds overhead. It's important to keep it minimal and efficient.