What are some real-world examples of closure in programming?

What are some real-world examples of closure in programming?

Closures are functions that remember their lexical scope even when the function is executed outside that scope. A common example is when you create a function inside another function and return it.

Can you give me a specific example?

Sure! Consider a function that creates a counter. Each time you call the counter, it increments a value that is kept private within the closure.

How does that work in JavaScript?

In JavaScript, you can define a counter like this:

function createCounter() {
    let count = 0;
    return function() {
        count++;
        return count;
    };
}
const counter = createCounter();
console.log(counter()); // 1
console.log(counter()); // 2

This keeps the count variable private.

What are the benefits of using closures?

Closures help in data encapsulation, maintaining state, and creating private variables, which can lead to cleaner and more modular code.